Astragalus Root and Covid 19 Research

What is Astragalus Root, How Does It Help with COVID-19, and What Are the Mechanisms Behind Its Effectiveness?

Introduction to Astragalus Root  - Huang Qi 

Astragalus root, known as Huang Qi in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), is an ancient herb that has been used for over 2,000 years to boost immunity, fight infections, and promote overall health. In recent years, Astragalus has gained attention for its potential benefits in combating COVID-19. As the world continues to seek natural remedies to strengthen the immune system, Astragalus has emerged as a powerful herbal ally. This article explores how Astragalus root helps with COVID-19, the mechanisms behind its effectiveness, and what research says about its impact.

Traditionally, Astragalus has been utilized to combat respiratory infections, fortify the lungs, and replenish energy levels in those suffering from chronic fatigue. It is especially valued for its ability to act as a preventive remedy, bolstering the body’s defenses against illness and stress. In modern times, Astragalus continues to be a go-to herb for those seeking to strengthen their immune systems, recover from prolonged illness, or enhance their overall vitality and longevity.

what is astragalus root

   

What Is Astragalus Root?

Astragalus root (Astragalus membranaceus) holds a revered place in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) as a potent tonic for enhancing vitality, boosting immunity, and promoting longevity. Often referred to as the "yellow leader," Astragalus is considered one of the most important herbs in TCM, known for its ability to strengthen Wei Qi, or the body’s defensive energy, which protects against external pathogens. This herb has been used for centuries to address a broad spectrum of health conditions, from common colds to chronic fatigue and respiratory ailments.

The root of the Astragalus plant is packed with active compounds, including saponins, flavonoids, and polysaccharides, each playing a crucial role in its therapeutic properties. Saponins contribute to its anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects, helping the body combat infections while reducing inflammation. Flavonoids, with their potent antioxidant properties, protect the body from oxidative stress and damage, particularly in the cardiovascular system. Meanwhile, polysaccharides in Astragalus are known to enhance immune function by stimulating the production of white blood cells and increasing the body’s resilience to viruses and bacteria.

Astragalus Root in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)

In TCM, Astragalus is believed to enhance the body's Wei Qi, which is the protective energy that guards against external pathogens. By strengthening Wei Qi, Astragalus helps to fortify the immune system and prevent illness. This concept aligns with the herb's modern use as an immune booster, particularly in the context of viral infections like COVID-19.

How Does Astragalus Help with COVID-19?

Immune System Enhancement

Astragalus plays a vital role in bolstering the immune system, making it a key player in the fight against viral infections like COVID-19. One of its primary mechanisms is its ability to stimulate the production and activity of white blood cells, the body's first line of defense against pathogens. This immune-boosting herb specifically enhances the function of natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages, and T cells—three critical components of the immune system.

Natural Killer (NK) Cells: NK cells are a type of lymphocyte that plays a crucial role in the innate immune response by targeting and destroying virus-infected cells. Astragalus has been shown to increase both the number and activity of NK cells, allowing the body to respond more effectively to viral threats, including SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19.

Macrophages: Macrophages are another essential part of the immune response. These cells act as the body's "scavengers," engulfing and digesting harmful pathogens and debris. Research has demonstrated that Astragalus enhances the phagocytic activity of macrophages, making them more efficient at clearing out viruses and bacteria from the body.

T Cells: T cells, particularly helper T cells and cytotoxic T cells, are central to the adaptive immune response. They help coordinate the immune system's response to specific pathogens and can directly attack infected cells. Astragalus has been shown to promote T cell activation, enhancing the body's ability to mount a targeted response to viral infections.

Moreover, Astragalus supports the production of interferons, proteins that are critical for the immune system's ability to inhibit viral replication. This interferon-stimulating effect is particularly relevant in the context of viral infections like COVID-19, where limiting viral replication is key to reducing the severity of the disease. By promoting the production of these immune cells and proteins, Astragalus fortifies the body's defenses, making it more resilient to infections and better equipped to manage illnesses like COVID-19.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects

COVID-19 can cause a severe inflammatory response in the body, leading to complications such as cytokine storms, which can be fatal. Astragalus has anti-inflammatory properties that help regulate the immune response and reduce inflammation. By modulating cytokine production, Astragalus may help prevent the excessive immune response that leads to severe COVID-19 symptoms.

Antiviral Properties

Astragalus contains compounds that have demonstrated antiviral activity in several studies. These compounds may help inhibit the replication of viruses, including coronaviruses. Although more research is needed specifically on Astragalus and COVID-19, studies on related viruses suggest that the herb could play a role in reducing viral load and limiting the severity of the infection.

The Mechanisms Behind Astragalus' Effectiveness

Polysaccharides

Astragalus is rich in polysaccharides, which are known for their immune-modulating properties. These compounds enhance the activity of immune cells and increase the production of interferons, which are proteins that help protect cells from viral infections. Polysaccharides also have antioxidant properties, protecting the body from oxidative stress and supporting overall health.

Saponins

Saponins in Astragalus have been shown to reduce inflammation and improve immune function. They work by inhibiting inflammatory pathways and promoting the activation of immune cells. In the context of COVID-19, these saponins may help reduce the risk of complications by controlling the body's inflammatory response.

Flavonoids

Flavonoids are powerful antioxidants that help neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress. In COVID-19 patients, oxidative stress can exacerbate symptoms and lead to complications. By reducing oxidative stress, the flavonoids in Astragalus may help protect the lungs and other organs from damage during a viral infection.

Research on Astragalus and COVID-19

While there is limited research specifically on Astragalus and COVID-19, existing studies on the herb's effects on the immune system and viral infections provide promising insights. One study published in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology found that Astragalus enhances the production of cytokines, which are essential for immune response, while also regulating inflammatory pathways. Another study highlighted its potential in reducing the severity of respiratory infections by modulating the immune system.

In a review published in the Phytotherapy Research journal, researchers noted that Astragalus has broad-spectrum antiviral properties, making it a potential candidate for supporting the immune system during viral pandemics. However, more clinical trials are needed to determine its efficacy specifically against COVID-19.

How to use astragalus root

 

How to Use Astragalus for COVID-19 Support

Astragalus Tea

One of the most common ways to use Astragalus is by making a tea from the dried root. Simply steep 1-2 teaspoons of dried Astragalus root in hot water for 10-15 minutes. Drinking this tea daily can help boost your immune system and support overall health.

Astragalus Soup
(Prepare this dish ahead of time and store it in the freezer. When you're in need of the Astragalus Soup simply take it out and reheat it as needed - in a pot, not the microwave.)

Astragalus Soup Recipe

Astragalus root is traditionally used in Chinese herbal soups for its immune-boosting and energy-enhancing properties. Here's a basic recipe for Astragalus Soup, perfect for supporting immune health, especially during cold and flu season.

Ingredients:

  • 2-3 pieces of dried Astragalus root (about 20-30 grams)
  • 1 whole chicken (cut into pieces) or 1 lb of lean pork (optional for added protein)
  • 6-8 cups of water
  • 4-5 slices of fresh ginger
  • 5-6 dried goji berries (optional for added antioxidant benefits)
  • 2-3 dried jujube dates (optional for sweetness and digestive support)
  • Salt to taste

Instructions:

  1. Prepare the Astragalus root: Rinse the dried Astragalus root pieces under cold water to remove any impurities.
  2. Cook the chicken or pork: If using chicken or pork, briefly blanch the meat in boiling water for 2-3 minutes to remove excess fat and impurities. Drain and set aside.
  3. Combine ingredients: In a large pot, add the Astragalus root, meat (if using), ginger slices, goji berries, and jujube dates.
  4. Simmer: Add water to the pot and bring to a boil. Once boiling, reduce the heat to low and let the soup simmer for about 1.5 to 2 hours.
  5. Season: Add salt to taste before serving. You can remove the Astragalus root pieces before serving or leave them in the soup for added flavor.

This Astragalus Soup can be enjoyed as a nourishing meal or a health-boosting tonic to support your immune system. 

Precautions and Considerations

While Astragalus is generally considered safe for most people, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider before using it, especially if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or have an autoimmune condition. Astragalus can stimulate the immune system, which may not be suitable for individuals with certain autoimmune diseases. Additionally, it is essential to use high-quality Astragalus products to ensure their effectiveness.

Final Thought

Astragalus root is a powerful herb with a long history of use in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Its immune-boosting, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties make it a valuable ally in the fight against COVID-19. While more research is needed to confirm its specific effects on the virus, existing studies suggest that Astragalus can play an essential role in supporting the immune system and reducing the severity of respiratory infections. By incorporating Astragalus into your daily routine, whether through tea, supplements, or soups, you can take proactive steps to protect your health during these challenging times.

References:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10054482/#:~:text=The%20current%20report%20sheds%20light,COVID%2D19%20%5B20%5D.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38834234/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349289991_Traditional_Chinese_herb_Astragalus_possible_for_treatment_and_prevention_of_COVID-19
https://www.truepathacu.com/acupuncture/covid-19-herbs-and-supplements-to-help-fight-covid-19/
https://www.schoolofintegratedliving.org/an-herbalists-advice-on-covid-19-influenza-and-other-flu-like-viruses/
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/tkm2.1264